More Energy with Molecular Hydrogen!

1. Reduction of Oxidative stress and mitochondrial efficiency: – “ATP levels directly reflect mitochondrial activity and several reports have suggested that hydrogen can protect the mitochondria from damage.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10… – “Hydrogen can penetrate the mitochondrial membrane, prevent the decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and protect the mitochondria from ROS. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10…– “In addition, [hydrogen saline] markedly increased the antioxidant potential of mitochondria, as evidenced by elevated [ATP] levels, mitochondrial respiratory function, and increased levels of active Bcl‑2. In conclusion, [hydrogen saline] attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction, and inhibits mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2…

2. H2 /up-regulation of Fgf21 via PPARa pathway – “To examine how drinking H(2)-water improves obesity and metabolic parameters at the molecular level, we examined gene-expression profiles, and found enhanced expression of a hepatic hormone, [FGF21], which functions to enhance fatty acid and glucose expenditure. Indeed, H(2) stimulated energy metabolism as measured by oxygen consumption. The present results suggest the potential benefit of H(2) in improving obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2… – “H2 induces expression of the PGC-1α gene, followed by stimulation of the PPARα pathway that regulates FGF2” https://www.nature.com/articles/npjam…

3. H2 simulating the ETC 1-5 – “Drinking hydrogen-rich water increased mitochondrial function in the allografts and prevented the loss of mitochondrial complex activity. Thus, hydrogen may directly protect the mitochondria and, thereby, restore mitochondrial energy metabolism, especially fatty acid metabolism.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10… – “oral intake of hydrogen-rich water resulted in significantly higher ATP levels in the allografts as compared with allografts from rats that drank [regular water] or [distilled water]” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10…

4. H2 Increase ATP via Jagendorf reaction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti… – “Thus, [this work provides] evidence that molecular hydrogen can support ATP production independent of the electron transport chain. We propose that these findings can all be explained by the Jagendorf reaction, defined as ATP production that results from an inequality of hydrogen ion electrochemical activity that has been produced independently of the electron transport chain [33].” – “In pericytes in which the electron transport chain was inactivated… ATP levels were found to be elevated.” – “We propose that molecular hydrogen may also be producing a hydrogen gradient, thus promoting mitochondrial ATP production independent of electron transport chain activity.” – “Finally, we found that [molecular hydrogen water] preserved or increased ATP levels and propose a new mechanism for [molecular hydrogen water], that of ATP production through the Jagendorf reaction.”

5. H2 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis via PGC-1a pathway – “PGC-1α also functions as the organizer of mitochondrial biogenesis. Recently, it was reported that H2 enhances mitochondrial membrane potential in damaged sperm. Multiple functions of H2 may be elucidated at least partly through the multiple functions of PGC-1α.” https://www.nature.com/articles/npjam… – “Preconditioning lung grafts using inhaled hydrogen attenuated these pro-inflammatory changes, promoted mitochondrial bio-genesis in the lungs throughout the procedure.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2… – “Restoration of ATP levels in the allografts in recipients that consumed hydrogen-rich water likely results from increasing the number of mitochondria in the graft and sustaining mitochondrial respiratory function.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10…